Project Showcase

The LAPSSET Railway Project forms the railway component of the Lamu Port-South Sudan-Ethiopia Transport Corridor. Its approved purpose is to create a new regional rail connection from the Indian Ocean coast through northern Kenya to Ethiopia and South Sudan. The route begins at Lamu Port, runs through Garissa to Isiolo, and then divides into two international branches. One branch continues through Nginyang and Nakodok to Juba in South Sudan, while the other continues through Moyale to Addis Ababa in Ethiopia. The approved concept also includes a railway connection between Nairobi and Isiolo. The approved regional network is approximately 2,900 km long. The PIDA PAP II submission specifies a 1,435 mm standard gauge and electric-powered railway technology, with design speeds of up to 160 km/h for passenger trains and 120 km/h for freight trains. The planned railway is intended to carry passengers, heavy goods, oil products and other non-pipeline petroleum products, including bulk fuel oil, bitumen and liquefied petroleum gas, between Lamu Port and demand centres along the corridor. These are planned design parameters and must not be reported as completed or operational capacity. The project is regional in both geography and governance. Ethiopia, Kenya and South Sudan are the member states and project locations recorded in the approved PAP II submission. Uganda is also identified as a beneficiary country. IGAD is the regional economic community and the IGAD Secretariat is identified as the project institution. The project is aligned with Kenya Vision 2030 and the IGAD Regional Infrastructure Master Plan. Implementation will require coordinated technical standards, cross-border operating rules, environmental and social safeguards, land and corridor protection, institutional agreements and financing arrangements across the participating countries. The submitted project-cost baseline is USD 12.0 billion. This amount should remain the historical PAP II baseline until a later consolidated cost is supported by an approved regional study. The approved-project record identifies S2A - Pre-Feasibility as the last known milestone. The PIDA Investment Prospectus status history also records Pre-Feasibility in 2020, 2022 and 2024. These dated status entries should control the historical annual records rather than retrospectively applying the current feasibility label. The current PIDA Investment Prospectus displays the project at Feasibility, or 50 percent progress. It identifies the remaining work as completion of comprehensive feasibility studies across the project, mobilisation of technical assistance for detailed designs, establishment of a corridor-coordination mechanism, completion of environmental and social assessments, development of PPP frameworks and securing of financing commitments. Contractors and operators remain to be determined through competitive procurement after project structuring and financing. Other LAPSSET investments must not be used as evidence of railway construction. Progress on Lamu Port, highways, pipelines, airports, resort cities, the refinery, the multipurpose dam or communications systems belongs to separate components of the wider corridor.

The project proposes a crude-oil pipeline from the South Sudan oil fields and the South Lokichar basin in Kenya to Lamu Port. Crude oil will be received at a tank terminal and transported through export pipelines to offshore single-point moorings for loading onto oil tankers. The PAP II design also considers related product-pipeline and refinery interfaces. At Lamu, the export system includes onshore and offshore pipeline sections routed to avoid the town centre and sensitive port-development areas, with offshore connections to the designated loading points. Verified implementation and technical context: The pipeline is one component of the wider LAPSSET corridor, but its development must be assessed separately from Lamu Port works, highway construction, the South Lokichar upstream petroleum project and interim road or rail evacuation options. The Parliament of Kenya reported that the pipeline design and mapping covered about 821 km and that the facility could also provide a commercial export route for South Sudanese crude. The project nevertheless requires an agreed regional implementation framework, secure land rights, environmental and social approvals, a commercially viable tariff and throughput structure, financing and coordinated terminal and offshore-loading infrastructure before physical construction can begin.

The project involves the upgrading of the 640 km road from Eldoret to Nadapal, the border with South Sudan.

The project proposes a multipurpose dam on the Dawa River approximately 20 km upstream of Rhamu Dimtu in Kenya and near Boni in Ethiopia. Current PIDA specifications indicate an estimated dam height of about 90 metres, reservoir capacity of approximately 4.5 billion cubic metres and potential hydropower generation of 8.2 MW. The stored water would support irrigation, flood control, domestic and livestock water supply, fisheries and improved dry-season water availability across the transboundary basin.

The Transborder Submarine Fiber PoPs, Regional Smart Hub Facility and Data Centre is a multi-country ICT infrastructure project under the PIDA Priority Action Plan 2 (PAP 2) 2021-2030. The project aims to interconnect Kenya and its neighbouring countries - Ethiopia, Somalia, South Sudan, Uganda, and Tanzania - by relaying Kenya's terrestrial fibre network connecting the submarine cables arriving at Mombasa to their borders through strategically placed Points-of-Presence (PoPs) and a high-capacity Smart Hub Data Centre. The project is coordinated through the East African Community (EAC) and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), and is aligned with Kenya Vision 2030, the ICT Infrastructure Masterplan, the Smart Africa and Digital Economy Blueprint, and the IGAD Regional Infrastructure Masterplan (IRIMP). It is structured as a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) and is considered a flagship project for regional digital integration under AU Agenda 2063. The project is complemented by the World Bank-funded Eastern Africa Regional Digital Integration Project (EARDIP), which supports EAC and IGAD as conduits of digital integration across Eastern Africa, covering Ethiopia, Somalia, South Sudan, and the two RECs in Phase I. A key enabling milestone was the official launch on July 18, 2025, of a 130 km cross-border terrestrial fibre link connecting Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) to Mombasa (Kenya) at the Lunga Lunga/Horohoro border, implemented by Tanzania Telecommunications Corporation (TTCL) and Kenya's ICT Authority (ICTA), operating at 1.6 Tbps and providing Tanzania access to Kenya's eight submarine cable landings. Kenya already has several sub-marine fibers landing in Mombasa and has already done terrestrial fiber connecting the sub-marine cable to the borders of the other partner countries (Busia border for Uganda, Mandera border for Somalia, Moyale border for Ethiopia, Nadapal border for South Sudan, Lunga-Lunga, Namanga and Holili border for Tanzania). The inter-connectivity infrastructure at the border points comprising 400 Gbps PoPs and Smart Hub data centre in Mombasa are lacking.

This project concerns the Sudan section of a high-voltage Ethiopia-Sudan power interconnection designed to move power from Ethiopia into Sudan and strengthen the Eastern Africa Power Pool. The existing database record describes a 500 kV transmission line ending near Khartoum, with new or upgraded high-voltage substation facilities at Rabak and Jebel Aulia in Sudan and bay extensions linked to the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance area and Sudanese network nodes.The project has an important history. Ethiopia and Sudan already implemented an earlier interconnector, which the Nile Basin Initiative documents as commissioned around 2010-2013 and used to support regional power trade. That earlier success provides a technical and institutional basis for the larger 500 kV scheme, but it does not by itself validate the very high CAPEX currently stored against this record.Validation note: external sources confirm the strategic rationale and earlier Ethiopia-Sudan interconnection history, but I did not find a reliable external source confirming the current capex_cost value of 48,494 in USD million. The financial fields should therefore remain under owner validation before being used in investment material.Sources reviewed: World Bank, Regional Eastern Nile - Ethiopia-Sudan Power System Interconnector Project, https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/935901468201843498; Nile Basin Initiative, Ethiopia-Sudan interconnection success story, https://nilebasin.org/sites/default/files/2023-09/Ethiopia-Sudan%2520interconnection%2520success%2520story.pdf.

Construction of 365 km Juba-Torit-Kapoeta-Nadapal single cariageway road in South Sudan. The road links with the proposed South Sudan/Kenya OSBP project at Nadapal.

The project is intended to provide a paved regional road from El Fasher through Kabkabiya and El Geneina to Adri at the Chad border. It covers about 328 km of new construction and 21 km of upgrading, giving an overall planned length of approximately 349 km. The road would improve access across Darfur, strengthen Sudan-Chad connectivity, reduce travel costs and isolation and support trade, humanitarian access and regional integration. The PAP II financial baseline is USD 262.4 million in CAPEX. The project remains active in the PAP II portfolio, but the current conflict and institutional environment in Darfur mean that anticipated schedules or general road activity cannot be treated as progress on this specific corridor. No construction-stage claim is made.

The Angololo Water Resources Development Project (AWDP) is located on the trans-boundary Malaba River that is between Kenya and Uganda and it falls within the Sio-Malaba Malakisi (SMM) River Basin within the Lake Victoria sub basin. The Angololo project was identified by Kenya and Uganda in collaboration with Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program (NELSAP) through its Sio Malaba Malakisi (SMM) River Basin Management (RBM) project. NELSAP-CU conducted its prefeasibility studies in 2010 with grant financing from the Royal Government of Sweden and the Royal Government of Norway. Following this identification study, the Governments of Kenya and Uganda formally requested NELSAP to integrate it into its pipeline of natural resources projects for further appraising and development. The project was approved during the 18th Nile Equatorial Lakes Council of Ministers (NELCOM) meeting held in Entebbe, Uganda on 13th October 2015 and was included into the African Development Bank (AfDB) pipeline (IOP) for the year 2016 – 18 to seek possible funding support. NELSAPCU/NBI was mandated in the signed MOU between Uganda and Kenya to support in mobilization of resources for preparation of the investment project. NELSAPCU approached AfDB Eastern Africa Regional Centre (EARC) for funding to undertake preparation studies. The project studies will consist of the following components: • Feasibility Study, Detailed Design and Preparation of Tender Documents; • Independent Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) • Stakeholder engagements to validate project study outputs. Once proven economically viable, the project studies will proceed to Detailed Designs (DD), and preparation of tender documents.

The project proposes construction of approximately 128.3 km of paved road from Rihaid El Birdi in Sudan to Om Dafug at the Central African Republic border. It would improve a remote cross-border connection and facilitate movement of people, goods and services. The road is intended to reduce transport costs and isolation, improve regional trade and access and strengthen Sudan–Central African Republic connectivity. The PAP II financial baseline is USD 102.64 million in CAPEX. The previously stored total of 200,000,000 was incompatible with the database’s USD-million convention and also differed materially from the approved baseline. Preparation and operation costs remain NULL. The existing length value of 128 metres is corrected to 128,300 metres, equivalent to 128.3 km. Achieved length remains NULL because no completed works are verified. The project retains S2B as the last verified milestone; current conflict and limited owner reporting do not support a later stage.

Why this Project is Needed Now? The project is a timely intervention to strengthen the climate resilience of targeted communities in a region frequently affected by drought. By focusing on sustainable groundwater management, it aims to provide a buffer against climate shocks and improve livelihoods. The project builds on the achievements of earlier initiatives, such as the HoA-Groundwater Initiative (HoA GWI), to create a consolidated and sustainable institutional framework for managing transboundary aquifers. Phase II project will benefit from lessons learnt from the GW4R project Phase 1. Anticipated Benefits: The project's primary beneficiaries will be decision-makers and groundwater management professionals in regional and national institutions, who will benefit from strengthened capacity, better information, and improved policies. Indirectly, inhabitants of the IGAD region will benefit from more sustainable groundwater management and increased resilience to climate shocks. The investment is justified by its potential to promote peaceful coexistence over shared resources and enhance economic livelihoods. Regional and Global Significance: The project's focus on transboundary water management aligns with broader regional and global development agendas. By strengthening cooperative frameworks for a vital natural resource, it contributes to regional stability and sustainable development. The project also supports the achievement of SDGs (especially SDG 6), AU Agenda 2063, African Water Policy and Vision 2025, and IGAD and NBI goals. Alignment with Nile Basin Investment Program: The project should be included in the Nile River Basin Investment Program as it presents a novel approach for transboundary groundwater management that can strengthen livelihoods and climate resilience, offering a model that could be replicated and upscaled across the Nile Basin. Furthermore, it conducts pre-investment activities in key transboundary aquifers located within the Nile Basin, specifically the Sudd Aquifer (shared by Ethiopia and South Sudan) and the Gedaref Aquifer (shared by Ethiopia and Sudan), which are the focus of the current phase of the project.

The Juba-Nairobi Fiber Optic Link (PIDA Code I.02.30.06) is a 957 km high-capacity terrestrial fiber optic cable project connecting Eldoret, Kenya, to Juba, South Sudan, via the Nadapal border town. The Kenyan segment (approximately 700 km), which forms part of Kenya's National Optic Fibre Backbone Infrastructure (NOFBI), is complete and operational. The South Sudan segment (approximately 257 km) represents the critical missing link. The project is a key component of the PIDA Priority Action Plan (PAP) 2 (2021-2030) under the ICT sector. It aims to provide South Sudan with its first direct, high-speed international internet gateway, reducing latency and costs by eliminating dependency on expensive satellite and microwave links. The project scope includes construction of the fiber cable, associated ducting, manholes, and repeater stations. In August 2023, Presidents William Ruto of Kenya and Salva Kiir of South Sudan signed a Memorandum of Understanding to establish the fiber optic cable along the Eldoret-Juba road. In February 2024, Kenya's Roads and Transport Cabinet Secretary Kipchumba Murkomen and South Sudan's counterpart Simon Mijok Mijak signed a further MoU separating border issues from connectivity to advance the project. In June 2025, at the 30th East African Communications Organization (EACO) Annual Assembly held in Juba, Kenya and South Sudan signed a bilateral cooperation agreement for a 2,420 km National Broadband Internet Backbone Initiative (NBIBI), extending Kenya's NOFBI into South Sudan, with support from the World Bank's International Development Association (IDA). In August 2025, South Sudan's Ministry of ICT and Postal Services (MOICT&PS) announced that construction would begin in early 2026, with technical teams being recruited to conduct feasibility studies and environmental impact assessments prior to a groundbreaking ceremony. In October 2025, South Sudan's Telecommunications Under-Secretary Engineer Thomas Gatkuoth publicly confirmed the 2,400 km fiber optic cable project at a digital governance panel in Lusaka, Zambia. Construction of a high capacity Optic Fibre Cable (OFC) from Eldoret (Kenya) to Juba (South Sudan) through the Nadapal border town. Laying of the new Eastern Africa Regional Transport, Trade and Development Facilitation Program (EARTTDFP) FON (main cable). This cable is the main backbone link for internet connectivity to the Kenyan north-western region and to the wider South Sudan.

Construction of a transmission line (580 km / 500 kV) that connects the power networks of Ethiopia and Sudan to facilitate trading in electricity and promote power systems stability. The interconnector will have a transmission capacity of 3000 MW. The Project also includes two new, 500kV capacitated substations at Rabak and Jebel Aulia (both in Sudan), and power line bay extensions at the following existing substations: Grand Renaissance (500kV Ethiopia), Rabak (220kV, Sudan) and Jebel Aulia (220kV, Sudan). Construction of a 500kV transmission line and the associated substations that connects the power networks of Ethiopia and Sudan to facilitate trading in electricity and promote power systems stability. The line will be 580 km in total, 564 km in Sudan, terminating in Khartoum, 16 km in Ethiopia, terminating at the Grand Renaissance Dam. The Project also includes two new, 500 kV capacitated substations at Rabak and Jebel Aulia (both in Sudan), and power line bay extensions at the following existing substations: Grand Renaissance (500kV Ethiopia), Rabak (220kV, Sudan) and Jebel Aulia (220kV, Sudan). It is expected that the project would assist the two partners to obtain the following specific benefits: to promote power system stability in the countries concerned; to promote energy connectivity among the countries by assisting them to integrate their respective networks and thereby develop ability for building larger power projects to meet larger regional markets; to develop ability to negotiate better terms for procurement of power equipment and technical assistance; to reduce the cost of power in both countries; in the long term, complete integration of the power systems in Egypt and Sudan; and to create productive employment and economic development across the borders. The main objectives of the project include provision of transmission capacity to cater for grid interconnection between Egypt and Sudan, provision of transmission infrastructure to cater for future grid interconnections to other countries, promotion of regional cooperation through sharing of power generation resources and facilitation of rural electrification and improve the standard of living for the population in project areas

Construction of a standard gauge railway (2900km) from Lamu Port in Kenya to Juba in South Sudan and Addis Ababa in Ethiopia i.e. LamuGarissa-Isiolo and branching into two links, the link to South Sudan (Isiolo-Nginyang-Nakodok-Juba) and link to Ethiopia (Isiolo-Moyale-Addis Ababa). Design speed: (Passenger train) 160 km per hour (Kph), (Freight train) 120 Kph, Gauge: 1,435 mm (Standard Gauge). The railway project preliminary designs are complete for the Kenyan and Ethiopian route and expected to proceed to the Detailed Engineering Design stage. The Government Kenya and the Government of Ethiopia have signed a Bilateral Agreement to jointly pursue the development of the LAPSSET Standard Gauge Railway. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) has been signed between LCDA and InterGovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) to facilitate the financing of this stage though an Infrastructure Project Preparatory Fund (IPPF) available through the New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD).

Construction of a standard gauge railway (2900km) from Lamu Port in Kenya to Juba in South Sudan and Addis Ababa in Ethiopia i.e. LamuGarissa-Isiolo and branching into two links, the link to South Sudan (Isiolo-Nginyang-Nakodok-Juba) and link to Ethiopia (Isiolo-Moyale-Addis Ababa). Design speed: (Passenger train) 160 km per hour (Kph), (Freight train) 120 Kph, Gauge: 1,435 mm (Standard Gauge). The railway project preliminary designs are complete for the Kenyan and Ethiopian route and expected to proceed to the Detailed Engineering Design stage. The Government Kenya and the Government of Ethiopia have signed a Bilateral Agreement to jointly pursue the development of the LAPSSET Standard Gauge Railway. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) has been signed between LCDA and InterGovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) to facilitate the financing of this stage though an Infrastructure Project Preparatory Fund (IPPF) available through the New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD).

Livelihood resilience strengthening

The project involves rehabilitation of Kalabayd - Hargeisa - Berbera road (221km); and Upgrading of Kalabayd - Togwachalle road section (20km). Also project involves construction of Hargeisa bypass (25km).

The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD ) formerly known as the Millennium Dam and sometimes referred to as Hidase Dam, is a gravity dam on the Blue Nile River in Ethiopia currently under construction. It is in the Benishangul-Gumuz Region of Ethiopia, about 40 km east of the border with Sudan. At 6,000 MW, the dam will be the largest hydroelectric power plant in Africa when completed, as well as the 8th largest in the world. The reservoir at 72 billion cubic meters will be one of the continent's largest. According to the Ethiopian government, as of June  2017, the Dam is 60% complete.

Construction of petroleum pipeline between Malaba, Kenya to eastern side of Kampala, Uganda. It is envisaged that the 210 km,  8 inch diameter pipeline will move Malaba to Jinja (130 km) and then Jinja to Kampala (80 km). It will have a pumping rate of 168 m3 per hour and an annual capacity of 1.2 million cubic meter. The pipeline will carry refined petroleum products from the Kenyan port city of Mombasa to Nairobi, then continue to Eldoret. It was then to be extended to the Kampala, Uganda from Eldoret. The total construction cost for the Eldoret-Kampala-Kigali portion of the pipeline is estimated at approximately US$5 billion. In November 2014, the International Finance Corporation, an arm of the World Bank, pledged to lend US$600 million towards the construction of the Eldoret-Kampala section of the project. The Kampala terminal will have a capacity of 72,000 m3 and comprise of 7 products and 4 interface tanks. It is estimated that the Malaba-Kampala line will cost USD 96.9 million. The Uganda Government is considering relocating the storage facility from the eastern side to the west side of Kampala city. The Ugandan Government has acquired land in Namwambula village for setting up the multi-user storage terminal  It will among other things: Serve as a distribution center for petroleum products from the refinery to market centers in Kampala, Western Kenya, Northern Tanzania and Rwanda A storage and distribution centre for imported petroleum products A delivery point for the planned Hoima - Kampala products pipeline and the planned Eldoret (Kenya) - Kampala (Uganda) products pipeline. It will as well serve as the starting point for the planned Kampala (Uganda)-Kigali (Rwanda) products pipelineCurrent truck transportation rates vary from $40 - $ 42 per m3. Total duration to procure, construct and commission 2 to 2.5 years. The feasibility study for the Eldoret to Kampala pipeline extension was awarded to an international firm in 1997. The study was completed in 1998, and the report was submitted the following year. The study was funded by the European Investment Bank.  Construction is expected to begin in 2014, with a 32-month construction time frame. Commissioning is expected in 2016.

The railway project preliminary designs are complete for the Kenyan and Ethiopian route and expected to proceed to the Detailed Engineering Design stage. The Government Kenya and the Government of Ethiopia have signed a Bilateral Agreement to jointly pursue the development of the LAPSSET Standard Gauge Railway. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) has been signed between LCDA and Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) to facilitate the financing of this stage though an Infrastructure Project Preparatory Fund (IPPF) available through the New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD).

A One-Stop Border Post (OSBP) facility at Nadapal border between South Sudan and Kenya on the Northern Corridor.

The Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System (NSAS) underlies the countries of Chad, Egypt, Libya and Sudan, the total population of which is over 136 million. It is the world’s largest ‘fossil’ water aquifer system. The project scope involves: Developing a standard mechanism for monitoring the development of the aquifer Capacity building/ training for field investigations/monitoring of groundwater in four countries Creating a legislative framework for attaining principles of cooperation and equitable utilization Developing framework for the implementation of the regional strategy for utilization of the NSAS  The Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System (NSAS) underlies the countries of Chad, Egypt, Libya and Sudan, the total population of which is over 136 million. It is the world's largest ‘fossil' water aquifer system stretching over approximately 2.6 million square km in Northeast Africa. Fresh groundwater reserves in the aquifer system is estimated at 372,950 billion cubic metre (BCM), out of which only 3.9% is recoverable with present?day technology. The riparian countries sharing the aquifer system face similar problems of arid climate, scarce surface water resources, persistent droughts and fragile ecosystems. The aquifer is a critically important source of water in this arid desert region and will be increasingly in demand in the future. Hence, all four countries have given priority to linking the NSAS groundwater exploitation to national development strategies and plans. Growing pressures on the aquifer system pose threats to both the quantity and quality of the resource and could, if not appropriately managed, lead to transboundary/shared problems and tension.

The core scheme of the project consists of a 26 m head dam and reservoir on Nyimur River and five (5) modules of irrigated lowland rice of approximately 5,105 ha. A mini hydropower plant with a capacity of 350 kW is included in the dam component

Construction of the One-Stop Border Post between South Sudan and Sudan, which lies on the Northern Corridor.

  The AXIS Project aims to facilitate the development of an African internet infrastructure through policy and regulatory reform, capacity building and technical assistance. Development of an African internet infrastructure refers to the establishment of regional internet exchange points (IXPs) and internet carriers. The AXIS Project aims to facilitate the development of an African internet infrastructure through policy and regulatory reform, capacity building and technical assistance. Development of an African internet infrastructure refers to the establishment of regional internet exchange points (IXPs) and internet carriers. The AXIS Project is being implemented through two phases. Phase I consists of capacity building to support the establishment of national IXPs through providing a series of two workshops for stakeholders and the Internet Service Provider Association (ISPA) on  I) best practice and benefits of IXP and II) technical assistance through workshops which will cover the technical and administrative skills needed to set up, operate, and administer an IXP. Phase II focuses on supporting establishment of Regional IXP and Regional Internet Carrier through provisioning Capacity building workshops on best practice and benefits of setting up RIXP/IC and providing technical assistance. The AXIS Project is a flagship project of the African Regional Action Plan on Knowledge Economy (ARAPKE) endorsed by the African Union Executive Council. 

The AXIS Project aims to facilitate the development of an African internet infrastructure through policy and regulatory reform, capacity building and technical assistance. Development of an African internet infrastructure refers to the establishment of regional internet exchange points (IXPs) and internet carriers. The AXIS Project is being implemented through two phases. Phase I consists of capacity building to support the establishment of national IXPs through providing a series of two workshops for stakeholders and the Internet Service Provider Association (ISPA) on  I) best practice and benefits of IXP and II) technical assistance through workshops which will cover the technical and administrative skills needed to set up, operate, and administer an IXP. Phase II focuses on supporting establishment of Regional IXP and Regional Internet Carrier through provisioning Capacity building workshops on best practice and benefits of setting up RIXP/IC and providing technical assistance. The AXIS Project is a flagship project of the African Regional Action Plan on Knowledge Economy (ARAPKE) endorsed by the African Union Executive Council. 

Construction of Sudan section of the fibre optic link between Khartoum (Sudan) and Asmara (Eritrea). 3

Feseabilty study; Assessment of extent and potential of the Aquifer.

Feasibbility studies in Merti Basin

Feasibility studies in Kenya/Ethiopia Border

Capacity development

Livelihood resilience strengthening

Feasibility studies in Shabelle Basin