Project Showcase

Envisioned as one of the largest hydropower projects in the country, TAMS is designed to have an installed capacity ranging from 1,060 MW to 2,000 MW, with a projected annual generation of around 5,760 GWh of electricity, significantly enhancing Ethiopia's renewable energy supply. The proposed Tams Dam will be a 248m high concrete face rockfill structure with a total storage capacity of 5,868 Mm3 and a live storage of 4,807 Mm3. Eight 250MW vertical Francis turbines will be installed and operate under a head of 210m. Developed under the ownership of Ethiopia's Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Energy, and supported by international engineering consultancies, TAMS is expected to cost more than $3 billion and will be implemented under a BOOT (Build, Own, Operate, Transfer) model. Anticipated payback period is 10.60 years. Beyond power generation, the project aims to support regional development through improved water management and potential irrigation benefits, underscoring Ethiopia's commitment to sustainable infrastructure and energy.

The Semliki River is part of the Nile River Basin with two thirds of its course being in the DRC and the lower third forming the boundary between the DRC and Uganda. Great Lakes Region is characterized by a shortage of indigenous energy sources and highly skewed relationships of dependency regarding energy imports Less than 10% of the population has access to electricity. The region is thus heavily dependent on oil imports Currently, majority of the population of Eastern DRC, Rwanda, Burundi and Uganda relies on bio-fuels such as wood The power demand for the cities of Beni, Butembo and surroundings will be supplied from a hydropower station on the Semliki River with a capacity of 72 MW. It will need a step-up transformer MV/HV or MV; including the construction of the distribution network. The Semliki hydropower station would serve mainly the towns of Béni and Butembo as well as the rural areas located around these towns. The available reserve could be exported to the Great Lakes Region with an interconnection grid. The Semliki is one of four (the others are Mogomba, Muyama and Kiyimbi) proposed hydropower projects, packaged to have potential capacity of 150MW, generating annual energy production of 800 GWh. A hydropower station on the Semuliki River of 72 MW; - power distribution network low and high voltage in the towns of Beni and Butembo and surroundings. The distribution network is envisaged to be a Medium Voltage network. Béni and Butembo will be served by 30 kV lines from the substation at the Semliki plant. Butembo has already a network LV and MV linked to its own hydropower station. However its network will be adapted to the parameters of the Semliki project (distribution voltage 30 kV, distribution 6.6 kV) and will in some cases be extended. A high voltage transmission line (220kV) from Goma - Butembo - Béni whose feasibility is complete will also be constructed to evacuate the generation from Semuliki.Dated studies suggested the project would cost USD 900m. Several areas that require particular attention have been noted in previous studies including: Improvement of hydrological data and modelling, economic modelling to determine viability, comprehensive ESIA to address potentially large environmental challenges, the actual geological conditions, layouts and designs. A budget of USD 6m has been included in the phase of the NEL-IP for the required studies to define the project better.

The Geba 1 Dam includes a reservoir for regulation of flows which feed a 286MW hydropower plant 480m below, just upstream of the Geba 2 Dam. The Geba 2 Dam is very small, effectively a weir, diverting a constant flow to the 165MW Geba 2 hydropower plant a further 267m lower down. This cascade arrangement allows both the Geba 1 and Geba 2 powerhouses to efficiently use the regulated water flow from Geba 1's reservoir, optimizing power generation across both plants. The combined project is expected to generate substantial clean electricity, contributing to Ethiopia's renewable energy goals and regional power supply. The Geba cascade hydropower project was included in the short-term priority projects under the Baro-Akobo-Sobat (BAS) Multipurpose Water Resources Development Study Project (2017) after application of the basinwide Strategic Social and Environmental Assessment (SSEA) that was carried out as part of that project.

The Integrated Watershed Management in the Ribb, Gumera and Jema Watersheds project is one of the four fast track projects prepared in 2007 under the Eastern Nile Watershed Management (ENWM) Project. The project was prepared as an integral part of Tana-Beles Watershed Management Project. The project area was comprised of five micro-watersheds/development clusters totaling 80,600 ha in area and split roughly equally between the Ribb, Gumera and Jema watersheds, each of which drains into Lake Tana. The project objective was to improve the livelihoods of rural households living in the upper catchments of Ribb, Gumera and Jema Watersheds in Ethiopia through enhanced productivity and promotion of sustainable land use practices. The project was structured along three mutually supportive themes, namely (a) theme A on livelihoods, which had four components directed at improving livelihoods through better communications, increased productivity and enhanced income generation; (b) theme B on natural resources, which had two main components covering soil and water management and forestry and agro-forestry measures aimed at creating a sustainable landscape that limits erosion and creates a more productive basis for livelihood generation; and (c) theme C on capacity building and project management that addresses the immediate constraints in capacity to implement the project and sustain the outcomes through more robust community and government institutions. Specific interventions under the project included upgrading rural feeder roads; establishing micro-finance schemes; improving water supply and sanitation systems; improving facilities at health posts and primary schools; demonstration of improved cropping practices (such as alley cropping, intercropping, strip cropping, cover cropping, etc), improved seed and fertilizer use; integrated pest management; controlled ploughing; stabilization of terraces and gullies with trees and shrubs; cultivation of pasture grasses and leguminous hedgerows for fodder production; establishment of animal health posts; development of dairy processing and animal fattening programmes; classification of land base on slope and introduction of appropriate soil and water conservation measures such as land closure, bench terracing, stone bunds, earth bunds, contour bunds and check dams; promotion of rainwater harvesting; promotion of small scale irrigation; establishment of tree nurseries and planting of private and community woodlots.

This Project is located in Western Kenya. The dam is intended to provide flood controls, irrigation development and hydropower generation. The project includes a 155 Mm3 dam, 20MW electricity, 30,000ha of irrigation, up to 86,400m3 /d water supply, benefitting 1.152m people. Detailed feasibility and design studies have been done for this project and it now requires implementation, estimated at USD 393.7m over 3 years, which has been included in NEL-IP.

The Jita sub-basin measures 2,915 km2 in area, and is part of the Abbay (Blue Nile) River Basin located in the Central Ethiopian Highlands. The sub-basin partially covers five Woredas in the South Gonder and North Wollo Zones of Amhara Regional State. The sub-basin is characterized by high elevations (2,500 â€" 3000 m amsl in most parts; down to 1,200 m in the lowest part), steep slopes, high rainfall intensity that generates considerable runoff, intensive cultivation, overgrazing and deforestation. These characteristics, and the use of inefficient traditional farming methods and growing human population on naturel resources lead to soil erosion, soil fertility decline, water scarcity and deepening poverty. The objectives of the Jita project are fourfold, to: (a) improve natural resources management through sustainable land management practices; (b) improve agricultural productivity by introducing improved crop and livestock technologies; (c) enhance Institutional capacity through various capacity building activities; and (d) diversify the livelihoods of local communities with a focus on women and youth by introducing different off-farm activities. The project as three components on sustainable land management, livelihoods support, and institution capacity building. The project was identified in 2007 under the Cooperative Regional Assessment (CRA) of the Eastern Nile Watershed Management Project (ENWM), which was itself part of the Integrated Development of the Eastern Nile. Full feasibility and project preparation studies were completed in 2012 under the Project Delineation and Prioritization study supported under the NBI Institutional Strengthening Project (ISP). Both phases of the studies were funded by the Nile Basin Trust Fund.Â

The Anger Irrigation Project is a major multi-purpose water resources development project in Ethiopia, located on the Anger River, a tributary of the Didessa River in the Blue Nile Basin. The project's core component is the construction of the Anger Dam, a concrete-faced rockfill dam (CFRD) with a height of 80 meters and a crest length of 1.3 km. The dam will create a reservoir with a significant storage capacity to regulate water flow. The irrigation component aims to develop 14,450 hectares of land through a network of main canals, secondary canals, tertiary canals, and on-farm irrigation systems. The project also includes a hydropower component with an installed capacity of up to 200 MW, flood protection measures, and cross-drainage structures. It is part of the broader Eastern Nile Irrigation and Drainage Projects (ENIDP) portfolio. Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIAs) and Resettlement Action Plans (RAPs) are integral components to address potential impacts.

The Mara River Basin Project contributes to improved living conditions of the basin communities by creating an enabling environment for sustainable development-oriented investments and building capacity of riparian staff and communities in integrated water resources management and development. The project is preparing several investment proposals in the fields of water infrastructure, watershed management and irrigation infrastructure for subsequent funding within a consistent basin development strategy. This primarily irrigation project includes the Borenga Dam, will benefit 100,000 people, irrigate 8,340Ha in 13 villages of Serengeti and Butiama Districts, 2.85MW hydropower, water supply to 18 villages in Serengeti, Butiama and Tarime Districts in Tanzania.

The Ruvyironza Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project (PIDA Code: BIP_NELSAP_017) is a major infrastructure initiative in Burundi. The project's core component is the construction of a multipurpose dam on the Ruvyironza River, a tributary of the Kagera River. The primary purposes are irrigation, hydropower generation, and water supply. The dam is expected to create a reservoir with a surface area of approximately 11 square kilometers, inundating about 11 km of the Gitega-Ngozi highway, the Kibaya Bridge, and the Kibaya river gauge. The project scope includes: 1) Development of 14,674 hectares of irrigated agriculture across five provinces (Cankuzo, Gitega, Karuzi, Muyinga, Ruyigi); 2) Installation of a 22 MW hydropower plant; 3) Provision of water for municipal and livestock supply, and aquaculture; 4) Catchment restoration activities upstream of the dam (covering a 1,999 km2 area) to address land degradation. The project preparation phase, managed by the Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program (NELSAP), includes comprehensive feasibility studies, detailed design, Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA), Resettlement Action Plan (RAP), and tender document preparation.

The Ngono Valley project (located in the western shores of Lake Victoria and shared by the Districts of Bukoba Rural and Missenyi) will develop a multipurpose reservoir, net irrigated agriculture of approximately 5,825 ha, generation of hydropower, as well as contribute towards sustainable land management of endangered sub-catchments in the Ngono River Basin. The proposed projects are part of the investment projects advanced by Tanzania to the NELSAP for projects preparation and which were prioritized through the NEL Multi-Sector Investment Opportunity Analysis. The project has been phased into two stages as follows: The project includes command areas and a canal for small scale farmers (stage 1), followed by stage 2 which includes a 17m high, 268 MCM Dam, Hydropower plant with installed capacity 1.65MW, mean annual energy production 8.7GWh, irrigation command areas for small- and large-scale farming and will have 100,000 beneficiaries including water supply to 23 villages in Missenyi and Bukoba Districts on the western shores of Lake Victoria, Tanzania. Feasibility studies, detailed design, ESIA have been done, and the project is now seeking implementation funding of USD 243m.

The Uganda (Nkenda) - DR Congo (Beni-Butembo-Bunia-Mabuki) Power Transmission Inter-Connection Project is a strategic regional infrastructure initiative aimed at constructing a 400 kV double-circuit high voltage transmission line spanning 352.2 km, linking Nkenda substation in Kasese, Western Uganda, to new substations at Beni, Butembo, Bunia and Mabuki in the North Eastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The project includes upgrading the Nkenda substation and aims to integrate the isolated and eastern DRC power grid with Uganda's national grid, thereby enhancing electricity reliability, security, and access in the region. It supports optimal utilization of generation resources, promotes regional power trade, and facilitates least-cost power expansion projects, contributing to socio-economic development and environmental sustainability. Sponsored by the Nile Basin Initiative/Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program (NBI/NELSAP), Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Limited (UETCL), and Société Nationale d'Électricité (SNEL), the project is aligned with the East African Power Pool (EAPP) Master Plan to create a regional power highway which aims to maximise the affordable availability of electricity around the region. Increasing power trade is key to this aspiration.

The Chemoga-Yeda sub-basin measures 2,738 km2 in area, and is part of the Abbay (Blue Nile) River Basin located in the Central Ethiopian Highlands. The sub-basin is located in Amhara Regional State, East Gojam Regional office. The sub-basin is characterized by high elevations (2000 â€" 3900 m amsl in most parts, down to 890 m in the lowest part), steep slopes, high rainfall intensity that generates considerable runoff, intensive cultivation, overgrazing and deforestation. These characteristics, and the use of inefficient traditional farming methods and growing human population lead to soil erosion, soil fertility decline, water scarcity and deepening poverty. The objectives of the Chemoga-Yeda project are fourfold, to: (a) improve natural resources management through sustainable land management practices; (b) improve agricultural productivity by introducing improved crop and livestock technologies; (c) enhance Institutional capacity through various capacity building activities; and (d) diversify the livelihoods of local communities with a focus on women and youth by introducing different off-farm activities. The project as three components on sustainable land management, livelihoods support, and institution capacity building. The project was identified in 2007 under the Cooperative Regional Assessment (CRA) of the Eastern Nile Watershed Management Project (ENWM), which was itself part of the Integrated Development of the Eastern Nile. Full feasibility and project preparation studies were completed in 2012 under the Project Delineation and Prioritization study supported under the NBI Institutional Strengthening Project (ISP). Both phases of the studies were funded by the Nile Basin Trust Fund.Â

This project involved construction of water supply and sanitation systems, improving solid waste and storm water management, improving watershed management, improving urban planning and building capacity of urban authorities in 15 secondary towns in the Lake Victoria Basin. This project intends to meet the Millennium Development Goals and support secondary urban centers in the Lake Victoria Basins to contribute to the reversal of the pollution of the lake through improvements of sustainable water supply and sanitation infrastructure in 15 secondary towns within the Lake Victoria Basin. The selected towns were across East Africa countries with Burundi having 3 towns that included: Ngozi, Muyinga and Kayanza. In Kenya, Keroka, Kericho and Isebania were among the towns while in Rwanda, Kayonza, Nyagatare and Nyanza were identified. Tnazania had Geita, Sengerema and Nansio towns added while Uganda had Mayuge, Buwama-Kayabwe-Bukakata and Ntungamo. The implementation was launched in 2011 with approx. 110 MUSD grant funding from the African Water Facility. This component of LVWATSAN was called LVWATSAN Phase II. Africa Development Bank entered into a Contribution Agreement with UN-HABITAT to offer Technical Assistance and Capacity Building Programme. MWAUWASA was delegated to take the role of implementing authority for the 3 Tanzanian towns; Geita, Sengerema and Nansio, financed by AfDB.  The water supply has been improved for 784,470 residents of beneficiary towns across the Partner States.

The project area covers the Akanyaru marshland, the Lakes Cyohoha and Rweru and their watersheds shared by Rwanda and Burundi, and is located in the Akanyaru sub-basin and the downstream Nyabarongo sub-basin, both being part of the Kagera sub-basin shared by Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda and Tanzania. The project area has experienced a steady decline in the level of ecosystem services from being the food basket of Rwanda and Burundi in the 1960s with widespread forest area and plenty of rainfall to its current status of frequent drought, soil erosion and lack of grazing land. The objective of this project is to enhance: Co-ordination, sustainable development, management and utilization of the Lakes Cyohoha, Rweru, Akanyaru marshland environment, including water and fisheries resources production Contribute to poverty reduction and the reversal of environmental degradation in the Bugesera region shared by Rwanda and Burundi, especially in the Rweru and Cyohoha lakes basins and Akanyaru marshland. The project aims to develop 4,200ha irrigated land; 2.5 million agroforestry trees; 765ha riverbank & lake shores protected; restocking of 2 lakes; support to 9 fishermen cooperatives; 1 million beneficiaries including 4,500 fisher folks and improved capacity of more than 6,500 farmers. In more detail: Integrated Agriculture and Watershed Development and Management: Nearly 2,000 ha of irrigated land set up with hillside irrigation techniques and effective marshland management, more than 6,500 farmers with improved capacities on improved seeds, dairy cows and post-harvest infrastructures Watershed management: Mechanisms and capacities for joint water monitoring and management in place and operational, Protection of 765 ha of lakeshores and Akanyaru riverbanks with fodder grass, agroforestry, fruit, bamboo and indigenous tree species. Conservation of aquatic ecosystems and biodiversity through restoration of lakes shores, spawning sites and catchments and joint mechanisms for fishery and water resources monitoring and management Fisheries Resources Development and Management: Restock of the 2 lakes with 1,000,000 tilapia fingerlings, support construction of fishery infrastructures and strengthen capacities of 9 fishermen cooperatives and key stakeholders for sustainable fishery development. Regional Integration and peace building through harmonized policies frameworks Capacity building and development: Capacity building for alternative livelihood and by commodity chain of 4,500 beneficiaries from fishery, farmers and agriculture cooperatives, 50% being women. Leading to poverty reduction and improved food security. This component also specifically addresses knowledge generation and dissemination systems to monitor specific risks and threats, notable climate change and variability. The project is ready for implementation and requires funding of USD 95m over 4 years implementation to enable the project to become financially self-sufficient.

The Nyimur/Limur multipurpose water resources project is a transboundary project located in the Aswa Basin covering parts of Lamwo District, Uganda and Magwi Country, Eastern Equatorial State, South Sudan. The location coordinates are 3.560042°N, 32.361010°E. The project comprises of several components, including a community-based irrigation scheme, a dam and water reservoir, a water and soil conservation component and flood control component. The core scheme of the project consists of a 26 m head dam on the Nyimur River, a mini hydropower plant with a 350 kW capacity; and development of 5,105 ha for paddy rice irrigation. The project is expected to benefit 12,000 people from the two countries. The preparatory studies (2015-2019) included feasibility studies for community-based irrigation, hydropower generation, and watershed management; an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA); and preparation of a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). At the project end in 2019, a roundtable donors meeting was held to mobilize resources for the implementation phase. Project preparation activities were funded through a EUR 1.975 million grant from the AfDB, with EUR 0.587 million co-funding from NELSAP-CU and EUR 34,608 in in-kind support from the countries.

Dinger Bereha Irrigation and Drainage Project is located in Chewaka Woreda develop a 7,500 ha irrigation scheme at Dinger Bereha in Chewaka Woreda. The project will abstract water from the Didessa River and comprises of a mass concrete weir headworks, a 15 km main canal, primary canals and tertiary distribution system of HDPE pipes. The project feasibility studies were completed in 2010. with funding from the African Development Fund.

 The Project is located in Eastern Equatorial state of South Sudan. It is in the southern part of Magwi County, approximately 39 kilometres south of Magwi, near the border with Uganda - South Sudan Uganda Border. This MPP Water resources development project will result in a 520 Mm3 dam, 10MW electricity, 21,800ha of irrigation, and up to 36,000m3 /d water. A pre-feasibility study has been done and now requires a feasibility, ESIA & RAP, detailed design and project implementation. USD 3m has been included in NEL-IP for studies. A preliminary estimate for implementation is USD 41.6m

The Atbara Kerib Land Rehabilitation Project was one of 13 potential first-round investment projects identified in 2007 under the Cooperative Regional Assessment (CRA) of Watershed Management in the Eastern Nile Basin. The 13 projects identified under the CRA focused on watered degradation ‘hot spots’ characterized by increasing population pressure on a degrading natural resource base. The project area is located along the western banks of the Atbara River in El Fashaga Locality in Gederef State and stretches from the Kashm el Girba dam to the junction the Setit and Barr as Salem Rivers where a new dam is proposed to be constructed. The project area extends up to 16 km form the river edge. The objective of the Atbara Kerib Land Rehabilitation Project is to arrest land degradation along the Atbara River in Gedaref State, and rehabilitate degraded kerib lands along the river while diversifying community livelihood activities and contributing to poverty alleviation. Karib land is land along a river channel where deep gullies have formed as a result of erosion of soil from land adjacent to the river. Project interventions include construction of field bunds in land adjacent to kerib lands, check dams within kerib land, planting indigenous trees within community forests and general lands, training locals in community forest management, training households in off-farm income generating activities, including processing of farm produce; and establishment of micro-finance institutions The prefeasibility study for the project was carried out in the period 2010-2012 under the Watershed Delineation and Prioritization Project.

The Lau Watershed Management project is one of the four fast track projects prepared in 2007 under the Eastern Nile Watershed Management (ENWM) Project. The Lau Watershed project area is administratively located within Maiwut County, Upper Nile State in Southern Sudan. Maiwut County has six Payams, four of which (Maiwut, Kigille, Jotome and Turuw) fall within the Lau Watershed Project area. The watershed (the part in South Sudan) has an area of 700 km2 that is characterized by rugged densely vegetated mountainous highland terrain at its head and plain lowland in the downstream parts. The altitude ranges from 415 to 1904 m amsl, with about 90 percent of the watershed falling below 500 m asl. During dry seasons, many people move long distances with their livestock in search of forage and water. The people that remain behind in the watershed have great difficulty finding adequate water (for domestic use and for the livestock that has not been driven away. Conflicts over water resources and grazing grounds are common in the watershed. Other issues identified in the watershed include deforestation, overgrazing, land degradation and soil loss, water pollution, and loss of wildlife from hunting and habitat destruction, impacts of climate change manifesting as changes in rainfall patterns, and weak institutions. The project objective was to restore community capacity to sustain and develop livelihoods in an environmentally responsible manner. The project had four components namely: (a) capacity building and institutional strengthening; (b) provision of basic services; (c) support to livelihoods, and; (d) project management. Specific interventions under the project included building capacity of Maiwut County and supporting NGOs; supporting the formation of, and building capacity of Community-Based Organisations; engaging and promoting community participation; constructing water supplies for domestic water use, livestock watering and agricultural irrigation based on sand dams or surface water reservoirs; constructing demonstration pit latrines and carrying out hygiene education; supporting school feeding programmes; introducing adult literacy programs; upgrading rural feeder roads to improve market access; demonstrating improved farming methods (e.g. use of improved seeds and fertilizers, mechanical ploughing; soil and water conservation; pest and disease control, etc); introducing small-scale irrigation; training fishermen in improved capture fisheries; introducing fish farming; supporting establishment of dairy processing cottage industries; establishing fruit tree nurseries, and promoting agro-forestry; diversification of income-generating activities (beekeeping, wood craft and furniture marking, vegetable processing, fruit processing, edible oil processing, grain milling, producing improved stoves, etc.); promoting use of renewable energy sources (biogas, solar); and introducing compressed bricks to replace traditional soil construction techniques.

The Kitoba-Lubango focal area (5,664 ha) is situated in is located between the villages of Kitoba and Lubango, in the territory of Lubero, in the district of Goma, in the province of North Kivu, in eastern DR Congo. The Project is to develop 3,000 ha irrigation and watershed management and is part of the investment programs prioritized by DR Congo for preparation and implementation whose identification was undertaken in 2012. Benefits will accrue to 15,000 beneficiaries (including 4,286 farmers) either directly or indirectly through creation of employment opportunities, water for domestic consumption, agricultural production, and livestock production. The outcomes of these benefits will be enhanced household incomes and livelihoods, environmental protection, watershed management, boosted agricultural production to match the ever increasing population and market demand at regional level thereby improving both national and regional food security, social economic development and ultimately poverty reduction. The Project"’s expected outputs include: Kitoba-Lubango irrigation infrastructure to enable 5,664 ha of land to be under irrigated agricultureWatershed management program for catchments upstream of the proposed irrigation infrastructureEnvironmental and Social Management PlanImproved market infrastructure and outlets; greater participation in rural economy by small-holder farmersImproved water resources monitoring along three tributaries through establishment of 2 new river gauging stations. A pre-feasibility study has been done and it is expected that this national priority project will cost USD 21.1m. Feasibility, ESIA, and detailed design is required and has been allocated USD 3m in NEL-IP.

The Alatish-Dinder Transboundary Park Project was one of 13 potential first-round investment projects identified in 2007 under the Cooperative Regional Assessment (CRA) of Watershed Management in the Eastern Nile Basin. The 13 projects identified under the CRA focused on watered degradation ‘hot spots’ characterized by increasing population pressure on a degrading natural resource base. The Alatish National Park (2,666 km2, Ethiopia), and Dinder National Park (8,960 km2, Sudan) are located along the Ethiopia-Sudan border and form a contiguous ecosystem with a high diversity of plant and animal species due to their location on the ecotone between the Sahel and Ethiopian Highlands eco-regions, and location along a major migratory bird flyway between Eurasia and Africa. The two parks are important for protecting the main sources of water for the Blue Nile, Dinder and Rahad Rivers. The biodiversity of the two parks is threatened by surrounding communities, among whom is a large number of internally displaced persons. Members of the surrounding communities in the two countries, who number over 150,000, encroach on the two parks to poach wildlife, graze and water livestock, cultivate crops, fish in the rivers in the park, collection of honey, cutting trees for firewood, and starting bush fires. The objective of the Alatish-Dinder Transboundary Park Project is to support the coordinated sustainable management of the two parks and protection of their biodiversity. Project interventions include supporting coordination and network between the two governments and conservation NGOs in the two states; coordinated development of management plans for the two parks; capacity building for park officials; capacity building for local communities to engage in co-management of the parks; construction of tourism and patrol roads in the two parks; construction of park administrative buildings; conducing joint research and monitoring programmes Prefeasibility studies were performed on the project in 2010-2012 under the Watershed Delineation and Prioritization Project and re-prioritized in 2015 under the Multi-Sectoral Investment Opportunities Assessment (MSIOA) conducted under the Nile Cooperation for Results (NCORE) Project.

The Dinder, Atbara and Bau Watershed Management Project is one of the four fast track projects prepared in 2007 under the Eastern Nile Watershed Management (ENWM) Project. Three watersheds were selected for the Sudan Project based on a number of factors including community interest and prior experience, impact on poverty, chances for demonstrating early results of improved land and water management, and government support. The three watersheds were (i) Dinder National Park and surroundings; (ii) Lower Atbara, and (iii) the Bau locality. The project objective was to stimulate, support and demonstrate alternative livelihood practices and local governance systems that contribute to poverty reduction and environmental sustainability. The three selected watersheds have different characteristics and needs and are located within different ecological zones. Area specific characteristics and objectives for the three watersheds were as follows:            (DNP) Area â€" Features: remote and poorly connected area; degraded natural resources in the lands surrounding the Park; encroachment by surrounding communities on the Park natural resources (grazing of large herd sof livestock) leading to conflicts with park management; conflicts between different communities over natural resources; area prone to droughts and floods; previous experience with community participatory planning and development. Objective: To safeguard the natural resources and the biodiversity of the Dinder National Park by improving the Park management and enhance participatory planning and offering alternative livelihoods to target groups who at present depend on the park's natural resources          â€" Features: desert area with low rainfall and scare natural resources; pronounced urban-rural interaction, limited mechanized farming, low environmental carrying capacity; substantial previous experience with community participatory planning and development. Objective: to combat desertification, improve environmental resilience and reduce people’s vulnerability by promoting more reliable and environmentally sound livelihoods to the people dependent on the scanty natural resources in the Lower Atbara.          â€" Features: remote, poorly connected, war-stricken area; facing influx of people from IDPs; favourable precipitation and natural resources base; area prone to droughts and floods; land tenure distribution/management still ongoing; very limited experience with community participatory planning. Objective: to reduce the pressure on and conflicts over the natural resources, to capture the long-term development potential of the area, and to build a foundation for sustained peace by promoting alternative, more reliable and environmentally friendly livelihood practices. The project had three components namely: (a) institutional strengthening; (b) project management; and (c) integrated watershed management and development (IWM&D) interventions. Specific interventions under the Project included strengthening capacity of supporting government institutions and stakeholder institutions; building capacity of Community-Based Organisations; construction of weirs with intake structures, construction of shallow wells, deep boreholes; construction of micro-and small dams for irrigation with diversion structures and distribution canals; construction of sand dams; construction of rainwater harvesting structures; improving farm production and farming systems through diversification and intensification of farming and farm infrastructure; improving grazing lands in wadis through water harvesting and reseeding with local legumes and seeds; reviving and improving animal migration routes; planting trees along animal migration routes for shade and browse; constructing livestock watering points and veterinary service centres, control of livestock pests and diseases; rehabilitating degraded parts of existing forests; controlling illegal logging, fires and grazing in protected areas; training local communities in forest management; introducing appropriate technology for small-scale miners to reduce their pollution impact; an diversification of income generating activities (fodder harvesting and packing; gum Arabic packing and marketing; dates grading and packing; vegetable and fruit processing; dairy processing; fish processing; wood handcraft making; mat making with camel wool; small scale metal fabrication; hand woven cotton fabric.

Telkuk Water Harvesting Project Telkuk Water Harvesting Project is to promote the sustainable management of rangeland in the Talkuk Locality, Kassala State. Proposed project interventions include: Increasing water harvesting through constructing traditional teras, libish, and small dams; delineating wild flooding areas; multiplying local grass varieties and forage trees with re-seeding and planting them to improve rangelands, construction of livestock watering points in rangelands and along stock migration routes, rehabilitation of existing hafirs, improvement of livestock market infrastructure; training of para-veterinary workers; supporting participatory landuse planning; promoting off-farm income generating activities, supporting formation of savings and credit cooperatives (SACCOs), improving processing of agricultural products. The prefeasibility study for the project was carried out in the period 2010-2012 under the Watershed Delineation and Prioritization Project.

The Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant (FSTP) project for Huye Town is designed to close a major sanitation gap affecting its 256,148 inhabitants, who rely predominantly on on site sanitation systems without a safe, structured mechanism for collection, transport, treatment, and disposal of faecal sludge. The lack of a dedicated treatment plant has contributed to illegal dumping, contamination of water bodies, and increased risks of waterborne diseases. The project responds to Rwanda's national commitment under NST1 and SDGs to achieve 100% safely managed sanitation by 2050, transitioning Huye from its current 62% basic sanitation coverage to full compliance with safely managed standards. At the center of the investment is the construction of a 240 m³/day Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant specifically sized for Huye's urban population. The facility will incorporate a complete treatment chain that includes: • Faecal sludge reception and screening, • Sedimentation and digestion through an Imhoff Tank, • Unplanted drying beds for dewatering digested sludge, • Long term sludge storage, and • Treatment of wastewater through an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor, followed by first and second stage vertical flow planted filters (constructed wetlands), and finally a maturation pond to ensure compliant effluent discharge.

Integrated BAS Hydropower, Irrigation and Multipurpose Development Programme - Phase 1: Baro/Sobat Component.’ is one of nine priority medium to long-term projects under the Integrated Water Resources Development and Management Plan for the Baro-Akobo-Sobat Sub-basin in the Eastern Nile region. The project will implement Phase 1 of the BAS IWRDM Plan whose objective is to sustainably develop water resources for hydropower, irrigation, water supply and sanitation, fisheries, navigation and other sectors with the dual aim of reducing poverty within the sub-basin and generating revenue. The proposed study shall also make recommendations on the sequencing, operating principles and management rules of priority large scale hydropower projects (TAMS and Geba dams) on the Baro and Sobat Rivers so that the development of the available water resources is optimised and supports transboundary and inter/intra sectoral cooperation and benefit sharing with a view to minimizing resource-based conflicts. The TAMS Dam has a proposed installed capacity of 1,700 MW while the Geba 1 and 2 projects will have installed capacity of 372 MW.  The project identification was completed in 2017 with funding from the African Development Bank (AfDB) under the Baro-Akobo-Sobat multipurpose water resources development study project.

Dinder and Rahad Rivers originate in the Ethiopian Highlands and flow northwestwards before joining with the Abbay River downstream of Sennar dam to form the Blue Nile River. The two are seasonal rivers of nearly equal length that cease to flow in the dry season. The catchment of the Dinder River is 16,000 km2 while that of the Rahad river is 8,200 km2. The Dinder and Rahad Rivers, together with the Abbay River, contribute about 70% of the sediment load from the Eastern Nile. The two rivers traverse, and sustain the biodiversity of the Alatish ad Dinder National Parks located in Ethiopia and Sudan respectively. The two rivers are also important for sustaining the the Rahad-Dinder wetlands, which comprise a large number of ox-bow lakes and cut-off meanders, and supporting social-economic activities in the countries. There has been considerable development of mechanized rain-fed irrigation systems west of Dinder national park in Sudan. Key environmental and development challenges in the two watersheds include poverty, population pressure, soil erosion, sediment transport, reservoir and irrigation canal siltation, conflicts between farmers and pastoralists. The project will be used to identify and prepare water resources management and development projects for the Baro-Akobo-Sobat Sub-basin focusing on expanding irrigation and improving food security, improving household incomes, improving water supply and sanitation access, improving access to energy and promoting sustainable management of the natural resources base in the sub-basin. Other interventions include the establishment and implementation of a transboundary water management programme, building capacity of national and state/provincial officials, and carrying out scientific research. The project was one of several priority projects identified by the Eastern Nile states under the Eastern Nile Multi-Sectoral Investment Opportunity Analysis (MSIOA). The project identification and prefeasibilitystudies were completed in 2015 with funding from the World Bank under the Nile Cooperation for Results Project (NCORE).

Its main aim is to promote transboundary cooperation among Ethiopia, Sudan and South Sudan, to tackle watershed degradation, reduce sedimentation, and foster sustainable livelihoods and food security. The Baro-Akobo-Sobat IWRDMPlan's proposed "Livelihoods-based Watershed management - taking to scale for a basinwide impact was planned to build on this initiative but has not as yet been implemented.

The programme will contribute to the reduction of emissions estimated to be 149,505,100 tCO2-eq. This estimation is based on 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and National estimation methods. The following is breakdown of the estimation: (a) 2,974,102ha Forest ecosystems to be conserved *50tons of Carbon dioxide Sequestration per year=148,705,100 (tCO2-eq); and (b) Soil Organic Carbon stock of the agriculture land to be well managed of 1milion ha*80ton/ha/year= 80,000,000 tCO2-eq). This estimation is additional to the National Designated Authorities targets of Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda conditional and unconditional objective (INDCs) by 2030 which is to reduce 397,917,000 tCO2-eq. by 2030.Therefore with the contribution of this regional programme, the total contribution of East African Community (EAC) Partner States to global efforts to reduce GHG will increase from reduction of 397,917,000 tCO2-eq to reduction of 547,422,100 tCO2-eq (149,505,100 +397,917,000) by 2030. Direct beneficiaries are 16, million vulnerable (farmers); and indirect 15.5milion people (benefiting from improved ecosystem services) out of 45milion people in LVB. This is 70% of total population. Gender wise 40% will be women (it is less than 50% since most of women don't own land but are more vulnerable compared to men and capacity building is important to them) and 50%men and 10% youth.

The Butana Plains Watershed Management Project was one of 13 potential first-round investment projects identified in 2007 under the Cooperative Regional Assessment (CRA) of Watershed Management in the Eastern Nile Basin. The 13 projects identified under the CRA focused on watered degradation ‘hot spots’ characterized by increasing population pressure on a degrading natural resource base. The project area is located in Gederef State in Eastern Sudan. Within the large expanse of the plans, an area measuring 4,990 km2 in El Faw Locality has been identified for water harvesting under this project. Among other things, the area suffers from rangeland degradation and conflicts for pasture and water resources by pastoral groups. The objective of the Atbara Kerib Land Rehabilitation Project is to arrest land degradation within the Butana Plains, and rehabilitate degraded rangelands within the plains. Project interventions include construction of water harvesting structures for crop and fodder production; establishment of grass and forage tree multiplication centres; rangeland re-seeding; constructing water supplies for livestock in the plains and along livestock migration routes; rehabilitation of hafirs; improving livestock marketing facilities; malaria control through mosquito spraying; training of local communities in off-farm income generating activities; establishment of micro-finance institutions; training of local communities in value chain services relate to agriculture and liestock. The prefeasibility study for the project was carried out in the period 2010-2012 under the Watershed Delineation and Prioritization Project.

Cingaineta River originates in the Didinga foothills of the Imatong Mountains close to the South Sudan â€" Uganda border, and flows through the town of Kapoeta in in Eastern Equatoria state of South Sudan. The water resources of the Cingaineta River and its tributaries are largely untapped. The Cingaineta River Multipurpose Development Project is one of nine medium and long-term priority projects identified by the Eastern Nile states under the Integrated Water Resources Development and Management Plan for the Baro-Akobo-Sobat Sub-basin in the Eastern Nile region. The Project objective is to improve the livelihoods of agro-pastoralists and pastoralists living in the counties around Kapoeta town while reducing environmental degradation in the headwater regions of the Cingaineta River. The project will carry out pre-feasibility and feasibility studies to investigate options for the development and management of the water resources of the Chingaineta River with a view to provide a more reliable water source for those living in and around Kapoeta, which is located along this river. The project will be multipurpose in nature, and assess how the development of water resources can also support aquaculture, livestock watering and small-scale irrigation development. The project will also have a component for capacity building of institutions at national, state and payem levels in integrated water resources management and development.  The project identification was completed in 2017 with funding from the African Development Bank (AfDB) under the Baro-Akobo-Sobat multipurpose water resources development study project.

The Jema sub-basin measures 3,241 km2 in area, and is part of the Abbay (Blue Nile) River Basin located in the Central Ethiopian Highlands. The sub-basin partially covers six woredas in Amhara State Region. The sub-basin is characterized by high elevations (2,500 â€" 3000 m amsl in most parts; down to 1,200 m in the lowest part), steep slopes, high rainfall intensity that generates considerable runoff, intensive cultivation, overgrazing and deforestation. These characteristics, and the use of inefficient traditional farming methods and growing human population on naturel resources lead to soil erosion, soil fertility decline, water scarcity and deepening poverty. The objectives of the Jema project are fourfold, to: (a) improve natural resources management through sustainable land management practices; (b) improve agricultural productivity by introducing improved crop and livestock technologies; (c) enhance Institutional capacity through various capacity building activities; and (d) diversify the livelihoods of local communities with a focus on women and youth by introducing different off-farm activities. The project as three components on sustainable land management, livelihoods support, and institution capacity building. The project was identified in 2007 under the Cooperative Regional Assessment (CRA) of the Eastern Nile Watershed Management Project (ENWM), which was itself part of the Integrated Development of the Eastern Nile. Full feasibility and project preparation studies were completed in 2012 under the Project Delineation and Prioritization study supported under the NBI Institutional Strengthening Project (ISP). Both phases of the studies were funded by the Nile Basin Trust Fund.Â

Sor Watershed Project . The Sor River originates in the highland Montane Forests that straddle the Illubabor Administrative Zone of Oromiya Regional State and of Kaffa Administrative Zone in Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples regional State (SNNPRS). The Sor watershed receives high rainfall and is well endowed with natural resources and biodiversity that is still only partially exploited. However, the watershed has the challenge of rising population, influx of refugees, widespread poverty and use of poor agricultural practices. The challenges are leading to increasing pressure on the natural resource and driving deforestation, land degradation, wetland loss, and biodiversity decline, among others. The objective of the Sor Watershed Project is to promote the sustainable management of the natural resources of the watershed while exploiting them to support livelihoods of the local communities. Project interventions include Participatory landuse planning, training woreda and kebele staff and Water User Associations in sustainable watershed management approaches; promoting participatory forest management approaches; promoting improved farming practices including use of manure and compost, improved tillage; construction of grass strips; establishment of on-farm forage lots for small ruminants; improvement of degraded communal land through construction of cut-off drains, check dams, and tree plantation to stabilize gullies; supporting small-scale irrigation; supporting community member to switch to alternative livelihood activities like beekeeping, operation of nursery for coffee seedlings; processing of agricultural produce; promoting energy-efficient stoves; and establishing Community Development Funds to improve access to access for local enterprises. The prefeasibility study for the project was carried out in the period 2010-2012 under the Watershed Delineation and Prioritization Project.

This project will be located in the Blue Nile Sub-basin covering among others the ecological significant watersheds of the Dinder and Rahad Rivers. The two rivers originate in the Ethiopian Highlands and flow west before entering the Blue Nile, traversing the Dinder National Park (DNP) and Alatish Regional Park located in Sudan and Ethiopia respectively. The Rahad-Dinder wetlands, which are rich in biodiversity, are part of thi ecosystem. The project will be used to identify and prepare watershed and wetlands management projects for important conservation areas along the Ethiopia-Sudan border.Project study outputs are:Technical feasibility study, Detailed Designs, and economic viability of the project including implementation arrangements and schedules, and Tender documentsDetailed Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA)Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP)Resettlement and Compensation Action Plan (RCAP)

Upper Birbir (West) Watershed Project Upper Birbir (West) Watershed Project is to promote the sustainable management of the natural resources of the watershed while exploiting them to support livelihoods of the local communities. Project interventions include participatory landuse planning, promoting sustainable wetland management approaches, training woreda and kebele staff and Water User Associations in sustainable watershed management approaches; promoting participatory forest management approaches; promoting improved farming practices including use of manure and compost, improved tillage; construction of grass strips; establishment of on-farm forage lots for small ruminants; improvement of degraded communal land through construction of cut-off drains, check dams, and tree plantation to stabilize gullies; supporting small-scale irrigation; supporting community member to switch to alternative livelihood activities like beekeeping, operation of nursery for coffee seedlings; processing of agricultural produce; promoting energy-efficient stoves; and establishing Community Development Funds to improve access to access for local enterprises. The prefeasibility study for the project was carried out in the period 2010-2012 under the Watershed Delineation and Prioritization Project.

Wadi Allaqi Livelihoods Support Project Wadi Allaqi Livelihoods Support Project is to promote alternative livelihood activities that protect the unique biodiversity of the area. Project interventions include promoting tree planting for charcoal production; cultivation of fodder crops like lucerne; planting indigenous tress species in degraded parts of the wadi; establishing tourist camps and promoting eco-tourism; carrying out training in selected off-farm livelihood activities; promoting value addition activities along the value chain and strengthening market links. Â The prefeasibility study for the project was carried out in the period 2010-2012 under the Watershed Delineation and Prioritization Project

Wadi Allaqi/Gabgaba (Sudan) UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Baseline Studies The prefeasibility study for the project was carried out in the period 2010-2012 under the Watershed Delineation and Prioritization Project.

The project was identified and prepared under the Eastern Nile Watershed Management Project in 2007, and implemented nationally. The project objective was to support the development of a Lake Nasser/Nubia Management (LNNM) Framework that would guide the long-term sustainable and integrated management and development of the lake and ensure the protection of its ecosystem. Due to the growing population of the two countries, there is pressure from key stakeholders in Egypt and Sudan to develop and intensify economic activities around the Lake Nasser/Nubia in order to support economic growth and the poverty alleviation. The main issues identified in the Lake basin include water quality degradation, sedimentation caused by bank erosion and up-stream activities, wind-born erosion and drifting sand-dunes, low fertility of land on the Egyptian side, aridity, water scarcity, over fishing, loss of biodiversity, high ground water table, population increase and near shore economic development including increase in agricultural, industrial, mining and tourism activities. These pressures make it imperative to put in place measures to ensure the integrated and sustainable management and development of the lake and protection of its ecosystem.  The Lake Nasser/Nubia Watershed Management Project’s main input was to design a Regional LNNM Monitoring Program to support the sustainable management of the lake and its ecosystem. The building blocks of the monitoring system were the development of survey and measurement procedures and techniques for water quality and sedimentation; development of mathematical modelling tools and procedures; development of a database; and sand encroachment analyses and identification of mitigation measures. The project also identified measures to improve weaknesses in the policy and institutional setting in the two countries such as poor coordination, overlapping responsibilities, sectoral approaches to natural resource management and development, and inadequate enforcement of laws. Finally, a number of priority intervention measures were implemented to demonstrate immediate local benefits to key stakeholders, raise awareness about lake issues, and build confidence for future measures on lake management. The measures included the following: training of farmers on efficient irrigation and improved agricultural practices that increase agricultural productivity; promoting fruit gardens; promoting integration of livestock in faming systems; training farmers in fish farming; creating shelterbelts to reduce sand encroachment on the lake and settlements; promoting non-farm income generating activities; promoting use of renewable energy sources; establishing micro-finance institutions to improve access to credit; and improving water supply and sanitation systems.

Zamra-Araqua Watershed Project was one of 13 potential first-round investment projects identified in 2007 under the Cooperative Regional Assessment (CRA) of Watershed Management in the Eastern Nile Basin. The 13 projects identified under the CRA focused on watered degradation ‘hot spots’ characterized by increasing population pressure on a degrading natural resource base. The Zamra and Arequa Watersheds are located in the upper part of the Tekeze-Atbara Sub-basin in Ethiopia and have a combined area of 5,021 km2. Administratively, the two watershed cover parts of five Woredas in Tigray Region: Alaje, Enderta, Hintalo-Wajirat, Seharti-Samre and Tanqua-Abergele. The two watersheds receive high amounts of rainfall and are well endowed with natural resources and biodiversity that is still only partially exploited. However, the watersheds have the challenge of rising population, widespread poverty and use of poor agricultural practices. The challenges are leading to increasing pressure on the natural resource and driving deforestation, land degradation, soil erosion and sediment transport, wetland loss, and biodiversity decline, among others. The objective of the Zamra-Araqua Watershed Project is to promote the sustainable management of the natural resources of the two watershed and facilitate their wise and sustainable utilization in support of poverty reduction and social-economic development in the area. Proposed project interventions include training woreda and kebele staff in sustainable watershed management approaches; promoting improved farming practices including use of manure and compost, improved tillage; construction of grass strips, stone bunds and earth bunds; on-farm water harvesting; establishment of on-farm forage lots; agroforestry; improvement of degraded communal land through construction of cut-off drains, check dams, and tree plantation to stabilize gullies; supporting small-scale irrigation; stocking fish in reservoirs; supporting community member to switch to alternative livelihood activities like beekeeping, processing of agricultural produce; promoting energy-efficient stoves; improving market access for farm produce; and establishing revolving funds to improve access to credit for local enterprises.  The prefeasibility study for the project was carried out in the period 2010-2012 under the Watershed Delineation and Prioritization Project