Project Showcase

The Northern Corridor Standard Gauge Railway is intended to create an interoperable regional railway from the Indian Ocean port of Mombasa to Uganda and Rwanda, with an additional link to South Sudan. The approved route begins with the approximately 480 km Mombasa-Nairobi section, continues approximately 120 km to Naivasha and then extends westward through Kenya to Malaba. In Uganda, the principal eastern section links Malaba with Kampala, with further planned connections towards Rwanda and a northern branch through Gulu and Nimule to Juba. The railway is designed for high-speed passenger operations of up to 160 km/h and high-capacity freight services. Its strategic function is to complement the heavily used Northern Corridor road network, reduce transport costs and transit times, improve port-hinterland connectivity and support regional trade and industrial development. The programme must be reported as a regional umbrella rather than as a single homogeneous construction contract. Kenya has completed and operates the Mombasa-Nairobi and Nairobi-Naivasha sections. Uganda has undertaken design, land acquisition, stakeholder engagement and contractor procurement for the Malaba-Kampala section. Rwanda and South Sudan remain dependent on completion and sequencing of the upstream sections and on regional financing and implementation agreements. Uganda's official transport reporting records engagement of Yapi Merkezi for the eastern route and subsequent pre-construction and right-of-way work. Official FY2025/26 and FY2026/27 budget documents contain construction targets for the Malaba-Kampala section, but targets are not the same as verified completed works. The project is therefore coded at S4A for the latest period because an implementation contract and preparatory activities exist, while full physical construction of the regional programme and regional commissioning have not been demonstrated. The USD 19.2 billion value remains the approved PAP II regional baseline. Segment costs, national budget allocations and financing arrangements should not be substituted for that full-scope estimate unless an approved consolidated regional cost update becomes available.

The LAPSSET Railway Project forms the railway component of the Lamu Port-South Sudan-Ethiopia Transport Corridor. Its approved purpose is to create a new regional rail connection from the Indian Ocean coast through northern Kenya to Ethiopia and South Sudan. The route begins at Lamu Port, runs through Garissa to Isiolo, and then divides into two international branches. One branch continues through Nginyang and Nakodok to Juba in South Sudan, while the other continues through Moyale to Addis Ababa in Ethiopia. The approved concept also includes a railway connection between Nairobi and Isiolo. The approved regional network is approximately 2,900 km long. The PIDA PAP II submission specifies a 1,435 mm standard gauge and electric-powered railway technology, with design speeds of up to 160 km/h for passenger trains and 120 km/h for freight trains. The planned railway is intended to carry passengers, heavy goods, oil products and other non-pipeline petroleum products, including bulk fuel oil, bitumen and liquefied petroleum gas, between Lamu Port and demand centres along the corridor. These are planned design parameters and must not be reported as completed or operational capacity. The project is regional in both geography and governance. Ethiopia, Kenya and South Sudan are the member states and project locations recorded in the approved PAP II submission. Uganda is also identified as a beneficiary country. IGAD is the regional economic community and the IGAD Secretariat is identified as the project institution. The project is aligned with Kenya Vision 2030 and the IGAD Regional Infrastructure Master Plan. Implementation will require coordinated technical standards, cross-border operating rules, environmental and social safeguards, land and corridor protection, institutional agreements and financing arrangements across the participating countries. The submitted project-cost baseline is USD 12.0 billion. This amount should remain the historical PAP II baseline until a later consolidated cost is supported by an approved regional study. The approved-project record identifies S2A - Pre-Feasibility as the last known milestone. The PIDA Investment Prospectus status history also records Pre-Feasibility in 2020, 2022 and 2024. These dated status entries should control the historical annual records rather than retrospectively applying the current feasibility label. The current PIDA Investment Prospectus displays the project at Feasibility, or 50 percent progress. It identifies the remaining work as completion of comprehensive feasibility studies across the project, mobilisation of technical assistance for detailed designs, establishment of a corridor-coordination mechanism, completion of environmental and social assessments, development of PPP frameworks and securing of financing commitments. Contractors and operators remain to be determined through competitive procurement after project structuring and financing. Other LAPSSET investments must not be used as evidence of railway construction. Progress on Lamu Port, highways, pipelines, airports, resort cities, the refinery, the multipurpose dam or communications systems belongs to separate components of the wider corridor.

The VICMED initiative proposes an integrated navigation and multimodal transport corridor from Lake Victoria to the Mediterranean Sea. It is intended to connect Nile Basin countries through river, lake and supporting land-transport infrastructure and to improve access for landlocked countries to international ports and markets. The project's expected benefits include lower-cost movement of goods, improved regional trade and tourism, employment creation and stronger economic integration. It also requires careful assessment of water-resource, environmental, social, navigational and institutional implications across a large transboundary basin. The prefeasibility study, which involved consultation with the footprint countries, was completed in 2015 and approved in 2017 by the 3rd Steering Committee for VICMED. The feasibility study Phase 1 was completed in July 2019 and was funded through a US$650,000 grant from AfDB. It involved the development of an institutional and legal framework for VICMED and conducting a training needs assessment. It also involved preparing the terms of reference for Feasibility Study Phase 2 and carrying out training for countries on inland water transport, which took place in February.

The governments of Kenya and Uganda and Rwanda have committed to the development of a standard gauge railway that links the landlocked countries of Rwanda and Uganda with Mombasa port in Kenya. This project entails the section from Nairobi to the Kenya/Uganda border at Malaba.

The governments of Kenya and Uganda and Rwanda have committed to the development of a standard gauge railway that links the landlocked countries of Rwanda and Uganda with Mombasa port in Kenya. This project entails the section from Mombasa port to Nairobi in Kenya.

The governments of Kenya and Uganda and Rwanda have committed to the development of a standard gauge railway that links the landlocked countries of Rwanda and Uganda with Mombasa port in Kenya. This project entails the section from Kampala to Kasese in Uganda.

The governments of Kenya and Uganda and Rwanda have committed to the development of a standard gauge railway that links the landlocked countries of Rwanda and Uganda with Mombasa port in Kenya. This project entails the section from Kasese in Uganda, to the border with Rwanda at Mirama Hills.

The governments of Kenya and Uganda and Rwanda have committed to the development of a standard gauge railway that links the landlocked countries of Rwanda and Uganda with Mombasa port in Kenya. This project entails the section from the Mirama Hills border (Uganda/Rwanda) to Kigali, the capital of Rwanda.

The project proposes a crude-oil pipeline from the South Sudan oil fields and the South Lokichar basin in Kenya to Lamu Port. Crude oil will be received at a tank terminal and transported through export pipelines to offshore single-point moorings for loading onto oil tankers. The PAP II design also considers related product-pipeline and refinery interfaces. At Lamu, the export system includes onshore and offshore pipeline sections routed to avoid the town centre and sensitive port-development areas, with offshore connections to the designated loading points. Verified implementation and technical context: The pipeline is one component of the wider LAPSSET corridor, but its development must be assessed separately from Lamu Port works, highway construction, the South Lokichar upstream petroleum project and interim road or rail evacuation options. The Parliament of Kenya reported that the pipeline design and mapping covered about 821 km and that the facility could also provide a commercial export route for South Sudanese crude. The project nevertheless requires an agreed regional implementation framework, secure land rights, environmental and social approvals, a commercially viable tariff and throughput structure, financing and coordinated terminal and offshore-loading infrastructure before physical construction can begin.

The governments of Kenya and Uganda and Rwanda have committed to the development of a standard gauge railway that links the landlocked countries of Rwanda and Uganda with Mombasa port in Kenya. This project entails the section from the Malaba border post (between Kenya and Uganda) to the Ugandan capital Kampala.

AIP provides an enabling and project-preparation framework for priority transboundary and regional water investments submitted by African member states. It supports integrated water, health, energy and food-security projects; strengthens institutional arrangements; helps sponsors develop bankable projects; and links project pipelines to preparation facilities, public finance and private investment. The first phase identifies specific programmes in Benin, Cameroon, Tunisia, Uganda and Zambia, together with regional initiatives supported through institutions such as ECCAS and the SADC Water Fund.

The project will deliver: (i) Reduced transport costs for landlocked EAC states (Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi) and neighbouring countries like DRC, by shifting cargo from long road hauls to lake shipping. (ii) Improved lake transport operations - more reliable schedules, safer routes, better intermodal links (road/rail/port). (iii) Increased investment in: - port and maritime infrastructure, - modern cargo and passenger vessels, - tourism and water sports around the lake. (iv) A safer navigation and security environment (fewer accidents, better emergency response). Port rehabilitation and construction will include: - Rehabilitation and expansion of Kisumu Port - Construction of Bukasa Inland Port near Kampala; - Upgrades in Mwanza, Bukoba, Musoma;

The project involves the upgrading of the 640 km road from Eldoret to Nadapal, the border with South Sudan.

The project proposes a multipurpose dam on the Dawa River approximately 20 km upstream of Rhamu Dimtu in Kenya and near Boni in Ethiopia. Current PIDA specifications indicate an estimated dam height of about 90 metres, reservoir capacity of approximately 4.5 billion cubic metres and potential hydropower generation of 8.2 MW. The stored water would support irrigation, flood control, domestic and livestock water supply, fisheries and improved dry-season water availability across the transboundary basin.

The Transborder Submarine Fiber PoPs, Regional Smart Hub Facility and Data Centre is a multi-country ICT infrastructure project under the PIDA Priority Action Plan 2 (PAP 2) 2021-2030. The project aims to interconnect Kenya and its neighbouring countries - Ethiopia, Somalia, South Sudan, Uganda, and Tanzania - by relaying Kenya's terrestrial fibre network connecting the submarine cables arriving at Mombasa to their borders through strategically placed Points-of-Presence (PoPs) and a high-capacity Smart Hub Data Centre. The project is coordinated through the East African Community (EAC) and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), and is aligned with Kenya Vision 2030, the ICT Infrastructure Masterplan, the Smart Africa and Digital Economy Blueprint, and the IGAD Regional Infrastructure Masterplan (IRIMP). It is structured as a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) and is considered a flagship project for regional digital integration under AU Agenda 2063. The project is complemented by the World Bank-funded Eastern Africa Regional Digital Integration Project (EARDIP), which supports EAC and IGAD as conduits of digital integration across Eastern Africa, covering Ethiopia, Somalia, South Sudan, and the two RECs in Phase I. A key enabling milestone was the official launch on July 18, 2025, of a 130 km cross-border terrestrial fibre link connecting Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) to Mombasa (Kenya) at the Lunga Lunga/Horohoro border, implemented by Tanzania Telecommunications Corporation (TTCL) and Kenya's ICT Authority (ICTA), operating at 1.6 Tbps and providing Tanzania access to Kenya's eight submarine cable landings. Kenya already has several sub-marine fibers landing in Mombasa and has already done terrestrial fiber connecting the sub-marine cable to the borders of the other partner countries (Busia border for Uganda, Mandera border for Somalia, Moyale border for Ethiopia, Nadapal border for South Sudan, Lunga-Lunga, Namanga and Holili border for Tanzania). The inter-connectivity infrastructure at the border points comprising 400 Gbps PoPs and Smart Hub data centre in Mombasa are lacking.

This project entails the upgrading of the Mombasa -Voi road to a dual carriageway. An alternative short term solution is to rehabilitate the road and provide climbing lanes along sections where heavy vehicles reach crawl speed as a result of steep gradients.

Construction of 365 km Juba-Torit-Kapoeta-Nadapal single cariageway road in South Sudan. The road links with the proposed South Sudan/Kenya OSBP project at Nadapal.

This Project is located in Western Kenya. The dam is intended to provide flood controls, irrigation development and hydropower generation. The project includes a 155 Mm3 dam, 20MW electricity, 30,000ha of irrigation, up to 86,400m3 /d water supply, benefitting 1.152m people. Detailed feasibility and design studies have been done for this project and it now requires implementation, estimated at USD 393.7m over 3 years, which has been included in NEL-IP.

Construction of a transmission line that connects the power networks of Zambia, Tanzania and Kenya. This project includes the section of 670km of 400kV transmission line from Iringa to Shinyanga via Dodoma and Singida. The design capacity of this section is 2000MW.

Construction of a transmission linethat connects the power networks ofTanzania and Kenya. This projectincludes the section of 414km of400kV transmission line from Singidato Namanga via Arusha. The designcapacity is 2,000MW.

Construction of a transmission line that connects the power networks of Zambia, Tanzania and Kenya. This project initially included the section of 400kV, 1134km bidirectional Tanzanian section of the 2,800km ZTK interconnector from Kasama in Zambia to Tunduma-Mbeya-Iringa-Singida-Arusha in Tanzania terminating at Isinya in Kenya. The design capacity of the Tanzania section is 2000MW. The original concept for the ZTK Interconnector was a high voltage 330 kV transmission line going from Pensulo (Zambia) to Nairobi (Kenya) with three connection points in Tanzania (Mbeya, Singida and Arusha). At that time, Tanzania grid was operated at 220 kV. The original concept of the ZTK Interconnector has been replaced, by two interconnections between two national grids: the Kenya-Tanzania Interconnection and the Zambia-Tanzania Interconnection.

The project involves the upgrading of 29 km of the Nairobi Southern Bypass road in Kenya.

Construction of a transmission line that connects the power networks of Zambia, Tanzania and Kenya. This project includes the section of 905km Zambian section of the 2,800km ZTK interconnector from Kabwe-Pensulo-Nakonde-Kasama in Zambia to Tunduma in Tanzania. The project was envisioned to be implemented in two phases starting with the Kabwe-Pensulo-Kasama-Nakonde section and the second phase would have comprised the Kabwe-Pensulo-Mpika-Kasama section. It will have had a capacity of 500MW, upgradable to 2000MW depending on power demand. The original concept for the ZTK Interconnector was a high voltage 330 kV transmission line going from Pensulo (Zambia) to Nairobi (Kenya) with three connection points in Tanzania (Mbeya, Singida and Arusha). At that time, Tanzania grid was operated at 220 kV. The original concept of the ZTK Interconnector has been replaced, by two interconnections between two national grids: the Kenya-Tanzania Interconnection and the Zambia-Tanzania Interconnection.

The project will construct a dam of about 30 metres on the Malaba River at the Kenya-Uganda border, creating a reservoir of roughly 31 million cubic metres. The scheme is designed to supply potable water to approximately 270,000 people, irrigate about 4,000 hectares, generate 1.3 MW of hydropower, support fisheries and livestock, regulate floods and droughts, and restore the associated upstream watershed. NELSAP-CU of the Nile Basin Initiative has coordinated the joint preparation process for Kenya and Uganda.

The Angololo Water Resources Development Project (AWDP) is located on the trans-boundary Malaba River that is between Kenya and Uganda and it falls within the Sio-Malaba Malakisi (SMM) River Basin within the Lake Victoria sub basin. The Angololo project was identified by Kenya and Uganda in collaboration with Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program (NELSAP) through its Sio Malaba Malakisi (SMM) River Basin Management (RBM) project. NELSAP-CU conducted its prefeasibility studies in 2010 with grant financing from the Royal Government of Sweden and the Royal Government of Norway. Following this identification study, the Governments of Kenya and Uganda formally requested NELSAP to integrate it into its pipeline of natural resources projects for further appraising and development. The project was approved during the 18th Nile Equatorial Lakes Council of Ministers (NELCOM) meeting held in Entebbe, Uganda on 13th October 2015 and was included into the African Development Bank (AfDB) pipeline (IOP) for the year 2016 – 18 to seek possible funding support. NELSAPCU/NBI was mandated in the signed MOU between Uganda and Kenya to support in mobilization of resources for preparation of the investment project. NELSAPCU approached AfDB Eastern Africa Regional Centre (EARC) for funding to undertake preparation studies. The project studies will consist of the following components: • Feasibility Study, Detailed Design and Preparation of Tender Documents; • Independent Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) • Stakeholder engagements to validate project study outputs. Once proven economically viable, the project studies will proceed to Detailed Designs (DD), and preparation of tender documents.

Construction of a transmission line that connects the power networks of Zambia, Tanzania and Kenya. This project includes the section of 400kV, 292km Iringa - Kisada - Mbeya transmission line, 122km of 400kV Mbeya - Tunduma transmission line and 4km of 400kV transmission line from Tunduma to Border of Zambia.Â

This project involved construction of water supply and sanitation systems, improving solid waste and storm water management, improving watershed management, improving urban planning and building capacity of urban authorities in 15 secondary towns in the Lake Victoria Basin. This project intends to meet the Millennium Development Goals and support secondary urban centers in the Lake Victoria Basins to contribute to the reversal of the pollution of the lake through improvements of sustainable water supply and sanitation infrastructure in 15 secondary towns within the Lake Victoria Basin. The selected towns were across East Africa countries with Burundi having 3 towns that included: Ngozi, Muyinga and Kayanza. In Kenya, Keroka, Kericho and Isebania were among the towns while in Rwanda, Kayonza, Nyagatare and Nyanza were identified. Tnazania had Geita, Sengerema and Nansio towns added while Uganda had Mayuge, Buwama-Kayabwe-Bukakata and Ntungamo. The implementation was launched in 2011 with approx. 110 MUSD grant funding from the African Water Facility. This component of LVWATSAN was called LVWATSAN Phase II. Africa Development Bank entered into a Contribution Agreement with UN-HABITAT to offer Technical Assistance and Capacity Building Programme. MWAUWASA was delegated to take the role of implementing authority for the 3 Tanzanian towns; Geita, Sengerema and Nansio, financed by AfDB.  The water supply has been improved for 784,470 residents of beneficiary towns across the Partner States.

Why this Project is Needed Now? The project is a timely intervention to strengthen the climate resilience of targeted communities in a region frequently affected by drought. By focusing on sustainable groundwater management, it aims to provide a buffer against climate shocks and improve livelihoods. The project builds on the achievements of earlier initiatives, such as the HoA-Groundwater Initiative (HoA GWI), to create a consolidated and sustainable institutional framework for managing transboundary aquifers. Phase II project will benefit from lessons learnt from the GW4R project Phase 1. Anticipated Benefits: The project's primary beneficiaries will be decision-makers and groundwater management professionals in regional and national institutions, who will benefit from strengthened capacity, better information, and improved policies. Indirectly, inhabitants of the IGAD region will benefit from more sustainable groundwater management and increased resilience to climate shocks. The investment is justified by its potential to promote peaceful coexistence over shared resources and enhance economic livelihoods. Regional and Global Significance: The project's focus on transboundary water management aligns with broader regional and global development agendas. By strengthening cooperative frameworks for a vital natural resource, it contributes to regional stability and sustainable development. The project also supports the achievement of SDGs (especially SDG 6), AU Agenda 2063, African Water Policy and Vision 2025, and IGAD and NBI goals. Alignment with Nile Basin Investment Program: The project should be included in the Nile River Basin Investment Program as it presents a novel approach for transboundary groundwater management that can strengthen livelihoods and climate resilience, offering a model that could be replicated and upscaled across the Nile Basin. Furthermore, it conducts pre-investment activities in key transboundary aquifers located within the Nile Basin, specifically the Sudd Aquifer (shared by Ethiopia and South Sudan) and the Gedaref Aquifer (shared by Ethiopia and Sudan), which are the focus of the current phase of the project.

Angololo Water Resources Development Project (AWDP) is located on the transboundary Malaba River shared by Kenya and Uganda and falls within the Sio-Malaba Malakisi (SMM) River Basin of the Nile Basin. The project consists of a proposed 30 m high dam with a reservoir capacity of 43.0 MCM and hydropower generation capacity of 1.75 MW. The dam will supply potable water to 20,000 people and irrigate 3,300 hectares (1,180 ha in Kenya and 2,120 ha in Uganda). The project also includes rehabilitation of the 430 km2 watershed upstream of the dam. In total the Angololo Water Resources Development Project is expected to benefit at least 127,300 people from Tororo, Manafwa, and Namisindwa districts in Eastern Uganda and Busia and Bungoma Counties in Kenya through employment creation, irrigated agriculture, piped water supply, hydropower generation, and livestock and fisheries production. The Angololo project was identified by Kenya and Uganda in collaboration with NELSAP-CU under the Sio Malaba Malakisi (SMM) River Basin Management (RBM) project. NELSAP-CU conducted its prefeasibility studies in 2010 with grant financing from the Royal Government of Sweden and the Royal Government of Norway. Feasibility studies (including detailed designs, ESIA and RAP studies and stakeholder engagement) commenced in 2019 with a US$ 1.5 million grant from NEPAD-IPPF and are expected to reach completion in 2021. The project is located at coordinates 0.693243°N, 34.306400°E

Upgrading of 53 km of road to dual carriageway from Bachuma Gate to Maji ya Chumvi (Kenya).

The project is designed to meet the need for additional liquid bulk capacity through design of a BOT project for a single buoy point or off shore jetty system.

Construction of a transmission line that connects the power networks of Zambia, Tanzania and Kenya. This project includes the 96km Kenyan section of the 2,800km ZTK interconnector, which runs from Arusha in Tanzania to Isinya in Kenya. In Kenya, the line will be linked to the high-voltage direct current interconnector between Kenya and Ethiopia

The Juba-Nairobi Fiber Optic Link (PIDA Code I.02.30.06) is a 957 km high-capacity terrestrial fiber optic cable project connecting Eldoret, Kenya, to Juba, South Sudan, via the Nadapal border town. The Kenyan segment (approximately 700 km), which forms part of Kenya's National Optic Fibre Backbone Infrastructure (NOFBI), is complete and operational. The South Sudan segment (approximately 257 km) represents the critical missing link. The project is a key component of the PIDA Priority Action Plan (PAP) 2 (2021-2030) under the ICT sector. It aims to provide South Sudan with its first direct, high-speed international internet gateway, reducing latency and costs by eliminating dependency on expensive satellite and microwave links. The project scope includes construction of the fiber cable, associated ducting, manholes, and repeater stations. In August 2023, Presidents William Ruto of Kenya and Salva Kiir of South Sudan signed a Memorandum of Understanding to establish the fiber optic cable along the Eldoret-Juba road. In February 2024, Kenya's Roads and Transport Cabinet Secretary Kipchumba Murkomen and South Sudan's counterpart Simon Mijok Mijak signed a further MoU separating border issues from connectivity to advance the project. In June 2025, at the 30th East African Communications Organization (EACO) Annual Assembly held in Juba, Kenya and South Sudan signed a bilateral cooperation agreement for a 2,420 km National Broadband Internet Backbone Initiative (NBIBI), extending Kenya's NOFBI into South Sudan, with support from the World Bank's International Development Association (IDA). In August 2025, South Sudan's Ministry of ICT and Postal Services (MOICT&PS) announced that construction would begin in early 2026, with technical teams being recruited to conduct feasibility studies and environmental impact assessments prior to a groundbreaking ceremony. In October 2025, South Sudan's Telecommunications Under-Secretary Engineer Thomas Gatkuoth publicly confirmed the 2,400 km fiber optic cable project at a digital governance panel in Lusaka, Zambia. Construction of a high capacity Optic Fibre Cable (OFC) from Eldoret (Kenya) to Juba (South Sudan) through the Nadapal border town. Laying of the new Eastern Africa Regional Transport, Trade and Development Facilitation Program (EARTTDFP) FON (main cable). This cable is the main backbone link for internet connectivity to the Kenyan north-western region and to the wider South Sudan.

The project will involve the upgrading of 25 km of the Mombasa Southern Bypass in Kenya.

The Kitale Town Sewerage Project aims to improve wastewater management and sanitation services in Kitale, Trans Nzoia County, addressing challenges from rapid urban growth. The project involves expanding and rehabilitating the sewer network through construction of 94 Km of Trunk and Secondary Sewers including 5,000 plot connections to increase household connections. Two new wastewater treatment plants-the Rafiki WWTP (4,600 m³/day capacity) and the Sirende WWTP(5,600 m³/day capacity)-will be constructed to ensure efficient, environmentally friendly treatment of sewage, replacing the existing Machinjoni and Bidii plants. A total of 85,779 inhabitants will benefit from the project. The project also includes upgrading sewer lines, decommissioning obsolete infrastructure, and strengthening the capacity of local operators. Environmental and social safeguards are integrated to minimize impacts and promote community engagement. Upon completion, the project will significantly reduce pollution, protect local water bodies, and enhance public health and living standards, supporting Kitale's sustainable urban development and setting a benchmark for effective wastewater management in Kenya.

The proposed off-dock ICDs/CFSs Integration Program comprise: (1) Relocating all container processing activities from marine yard to CFSs. (2) Simplifying of transfers between marine yard and CFS, and (3) CFSs enhancing facilities and technical competency to handle increased transfers from marine yard and to service clients.

The project aims to address critical gaps in Homabay Town's sanitation infrastructure - protecting Lake Victoria from pollution and improve public health. The project focuses on both sewer rehabilitating the existing 20 km sewer network, which is largely degraded and underperforming, and expanding coverage to serve a growing population. Key components include: - Upgrading the dysfunctional wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to meet Kenya's Water Quality Regulations (2006) by improving effluent quality - Rehabilitating primary and secondary sewer lines in the town center - Extending the gravity-based sewer network to newly urbanizing areas - Last-mile connectivity measures involve reactivating house connections, installing new connections, integrating on-site sanitation solutions in peripheral zones. - Operational improvements to reduce non-revenue water and enhance HOMAWASCO's capacity to manage assets. Implementation will be in phases. These interventions will increase service coverage, mitigate environmental risks to Lake Victoria, and align with Kenya's Vision 2030 goals for sustainable urban water management.

The Amala-Norera WRD Project seeks to promote sustainable water management practices that balance the needs of various water users, including agriculture, livestock, and domestic use. The Project is part of the investment projects advanced by Kenya to NELSAP for project preparation. The project was included in the NELSAP Strategic Plan 2012 - 2016, approved by the NEL Council of Ministers in January 2012. The project is prioritized by the Government of Kenya, and it is included in the National Water Masterplan, 2030. Pre-feasibility studies for Amala dam and feasibility studies for Norera dam were concluded in 2014. The impact of the Amala-Norera WRD Project is significant. It will not only ensure a sustainable supply of water for the communities and livestock in Bomet and Narok Counties with population of 1,028,130 and 1,157,8733 but also improve the quality of water in the river, which is essential for the survival of aquatic life and the tourism industry, a critical source of income for both countries. The project will increase water availability for agriculture through development of 5,000Ha irrigation command area, hence improve food security and create new income opportunities for farmers. Moreover, by promoting sustainable water management practices, the project will contribute to reducing conflicts over water resources and enhance the resilience of the communities to climate change.

A One-Stop Border Post (OSBP) facility at Malaba border between Kenya and Uganda on the Northern Corridor. Border type: Juxtaposed.

Upgrading of Kisumu Lake Port in Kenya, including modernization, navigation aid, dredging and sedimentation protection.

Construction of a standard gauge railway (2900km) from Lamu Port in Kenya to Juba in South Sudan and Addis Ababa in Ethiopia i.e. LamuGarissa-Isiolo and branching into two links, the link to South Sudan (Isiolo-Nginyang-Nakodok-Juba) and link to Ethiopia (Isiolo-Moyale-Addis Ababa). Design speed: (Passenger train) 160 km per hour (Kph), (Freight train) 120 Kph, Gauge: 1,435 mm (Standard Gauge). The railway project preliminary designs are complete for the Kenyan and Ethiopian route and expected to proceed to the Detailed Engineering Design stage. The Government Kenya and the Government of Ethiopia have signed a Bilateral Agreement to jointly pursue the development of the LAPSSET Standard Gauge Railway. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) has been signed between LCDA and InterGovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) to facilitate the financing of this stage though an Infrastructure Project Preparatory Fund (IPPF) available through the New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD).

Construction of a standard gauge railway (2900km) from Lamu Port in Kenya to Juba in South Sudan and Addis Ababa in Ethiopia i.e. LamuGarissa-Isiolo and branching into two links, the link to South Sudan (Isiolo-Nginyang-Nakodok-Juba) and link to Ethiopia (Isiolo-Moyale-Addis Ababa). Design speed: (Passenger train) 160 km per hour (Kph), (Freight train) 120 Kph, Gauge: 1,435 mm (Standard Gauge). The railway project preliminary designs are complete for the Kenyan and Ethiopian route and expected to proceed to the Detailed Engineering Design stage. The Government Kenya and the Government of Ethiopia have signed a Bilateral Agreement to jointly pursue the development of the LAPSSET Standard Gauge Railway. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) has been signed between LCDA and InterGovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) to facilitate the financing of this stage though an Infrastructure Project Preparatory Fund (IPPF) available through the New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD).

The Sudd wetland is one of the most unique and valuable ecosystems on Earth. It is the largest wetland in Africa, and a designated a Ramsar site. The Sudd wetlands are of critical importance to South Sudan and the wider region through two competing factors â€" the value of the oil deposits below them, and the important ecosystem services they currently provide. The Sudd is an important environmental resource that supports large populations of wildlife (including endangered and endemic species) rich and abundant fish populations, and around 1 million people whose engage in agriculture, fishing and livestock husbandry for livelihoods. The Suud is also pivotal in regulating the weather patterns in the Sahel, the Horn of Africa and the greater East Africa region and acts as a barrier to the southward encroachment of the Sahara desert, and in controlling the hydrology of the White and Main Niles. Due to decades of conflict in South Sudan, very little research has been undertaken on the Sudd, hence information to support its management is scanty. The region is suffering from impacts of climate change, which manifest as increasing frequency of extreme high inflows and rainfall, leading to cycles of expansion and contraction of the Sudd. An economic valuation study put the value of the Sudd at $3.3 billion based primarily to the climatic regulation, flood control and biodiversity services, but also through provisioning services including livestock grazing and watering, fishing, and papyrus crafts.

Livelihood resilience strengthening

The programme will contribute to the reduction of emissions estimated to be 149,505,100 tCO2-eq. This estimation is based on 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and National estimation methods. The following is breakdown of the estimation: (a) 2,974,102ha Forest ecosystems to be conserved *50tons of Carbon dioxide Sequestration per year=148,705,100 (tCO2-eq); and (b) Soil Organic Carbon stock of the agriculture land to be well managed of 1milion ha*80ton/ha/year= 80,000,000 tCO2-eq). This estimation is additional to the National Designated Authorities targets of Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda conditional and unconditional objective (INDCs) by 2030 which is to reduce 397,917,000 tCO2-eq. by 2030.Therefore with the contribution of this regional programme, the total contribution of East African Community (EAC) Partner States to global efforts to reduce GHG will increase from reduction of 397,917,000 tCO2-eq to reduction of 547,422,100 tCO2-eq (149,505,100 +397,917,000) by 2030. Direct beneficiaries are 16, million vulnerable (farmers); and indirect 15.5milion people (benefiting from improved ecosystem services) out of 45milion people in LVB. This is 70% of total population. Gender wise 40% will be women (it is less than 50% since most of women don't own land but are more vulnerable compared to men and capacity building is important to them) and 50%men and 10% youth.